cardiac
Key Points
Arythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia has BOTH:
fat in RV wall
wall motion abnormality
Signs of Right Heart Dysfunction
Straightening or reversal of intraventricular septum
Dilitation of right ventricle
Collapse of R ventricular free wall
Radiology Signs of Hemodynamically Significant Stenosis
Collaterals
Post-stenotic dilitation
Parvus tardus waveform
Aliasing
Differential enhancement
CXR Signs of Pericardial Effusion
Globular, flask, or water-bottle shaped heart
No significant pulmonary venous congestion
Loss of retrosternal clear space
Fat-pad sign - Oreo sign
Seprataion of retrosternal fat from epicardial fat line > 2mm (15%)
Co-existent pleural effusions (1/3)
Abnormal Catheter Locations on Lateral
Internal mammary vein - anterior
PAPVR - middle
L SVC - middle (towards coronary sinus)
L superior intercostal - posterior
Causes of Ascending Aortic Aneurysms
KEY FINDING is an aneurysm that crosses the sinotubular junction
Annuloaortic ectasia is the buzzword
Tulip-bulb appearance
Predominantly associated w/ Marfan's
LV Aneurysms
True | False |
Wide Base | Narrow Neck |
Delayed Enhancement of Myocardium | Delayed Enhancement of Pericardium |
More Common | Less Common |
Anterolateral Wall | Posterior Wall |
Treated w/ Anticoagulation | Treated Surgically |
Differentials
Infiltrative Disorders of Myocardium
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Idiopathic
HTN
Aortic Stenosis
Coarctation
Cardiac Masses
Pericardial Effusion
Small Cardiac Silhouette
COPD
Hypovolemia
Addison's disease
Pulmonary Artery Stenoses
Takayasu's
Chronic PE
Fibrosing mediastinitis
Webs
Causes of PA Pseudoaneurysms
trauma
iatrogenic
mycotic
Causes of Pulmonary HTN
Precapillary - obstruction in the central PAs from thromboembolism, tumor, or hypoplastic PAs
Capillary - interstitial lung dz, COPD, pneumonectomy, primary pulmonary HTN, Eisenmenger, and widespread airspace disease such as atelectasis, pneumonia, tumor
Postcapillary - LV failure, restrictive cardiomyopathy, mitral stenosis, hypoplastic left heart, pulmonary veno-occlusive dz, and fibrosing mediastinitis
Facts
Constrictive Pericarditis
Thickened pericardium (does not have to be calcified)
Cone-shaped RV
D-shaped LV
Paradoxical motion of intraventricular septum
Sigmoid configuration of intraventricular septum
Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM)
Myocardial Ischemia/Infarct
Patterns of Enhancement
Ischemia
Infarct
Moderator Band
One of the trabeculae carneae in the right ventricle of the heart
Carries part of the right branch of the AV bundle from the septum to the anterior papillary muscle on the opposite wall of the ventricle
Holt-Oram Syndrome
Coronary Artery Anomalies
L main origin from R leaflet
L main origin from PA (ALCAAPA - Anomalous Left Coronary Artery Arising from Pulmonary Artery)
L main arises from R leaflet and travels anterior to PA
cardiac.txt · Last modified: 2017/07/07 18:30 (external edit)